Rome: The clock has run out on one of Europe’s most consequential workplace reforms, and most governments missed it. Member states were required to write the EU pay transparency directive into national law by 7 June, yet only four managed the task on time. Slovakia, Italy, Lithuania and Malta crossed the line; the rest, including Germany, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Sweden and Denmark, did not.
The directive attacks a stubborn problem. Women across the union still earn roughly 12.7 percent less than men on average, and secrecy around salaries has helped the gap survive. The new rules force the issue into the open. Employers must tell job applicants the pay range for a role before an interview, and they can no longer ask candidates what they earned in a previous job.
Workers gain a right to information as well. Staff can request data on average pay levels, broken down by sex, for people doing the same work or work of equal value. Where a gap of five percent or more appears and cannot be explained by objective factors, employers must act to close it. Larger companies will begin formal gender pay gap reporting in 2027, using data gathered across 2026.
A missed transposition deadline does not freeze the law. Many of the directive’s core obligations take direct effect for workers regardless of whether a national parliament has acted, and lawyers expect early disputes to test exactly which provisions employees can already invoke. Companies that waited for local legislation before preparing now face the awkward position of complying with rules their own government has yet to formalise.
Business groups have not resisted the principle so much as the paperwork. Firms worry about the administrative weight of pay audits, the risk of litigation over what counts as work of equal value, and the cultural shock of publishing salary bands in markets where pay has always been private. Human-resources teams describe a scramble to map job roles and clean up inconsistent historical data before reporting begins.
Trade unions counter that transparency is the point. Without visible numbers, they argue, unequal pay hides behind vague claims about experience and negotiation. The Commission has published guidance explaining the new obligations, and it can eventually open infringement proceedings against governments that drag their feet.
For workers, the practical change may arrive quietly, in a job advert that finally names a salary or a request for pay data that an employer can no longer brush aside. For governments still drafting their laws, the pressure now runs in two directions at once, from Brussels above and from employees below who already sense that the balance of information has shifted.




