Rome: Italy was the first major European economy to make electronic invoicing compulsory, and the rest of the bloc spent years watching to see whether it worked. It did, narrowing the gap between the value-added tax owed and the tax actually collected. Now the European Union is preparing to take that logic continental. The Commission has published its 2026 work programme for VAT in the Digital Age, the package known as ViDA, setting out the practical steps that will turn a sprawling legislative agreement into working systems.
ViDA was adopted in March 2025 after years of negotiation, and it will be rolled out in stages stretching to 2035, a timeline that reflects both its ambition and the difficulty of rewiring twenty-seven national tax administrations at once. The 2026 work programme, published in late May, is the unglamorous connective tissue: the year of building the digital plumbing, expanding the central exchange system that lets tax authorities verify cross-border transactions, updating the bloc’s e-invoicing standards, and strengthening the import scheme that handles VAT on parcels from outside the Union.
The package rests on three pillars. The first imposes digital reporting requirements, making e-invoicing the default for cross-border business-to-business trade and feeding near-real-time data to tax authorities so fraud can be spotted as it happens rather than discovered years later. The second tackles the platform economy, making online marketplaces for short-term accommodation and passenger transport responsible for collecting VAT in many cases where the underlying providers do not. The third extends single VAT registration, sparing businesses the burden of registering separately in every member state where they sell.
The dates matter because they determine when companies must be ready. Minor adjustments to the one-stop-shop schemes arrive in January 2027. The heavier lift comes in July 2028, when the platform rules and the bulk of the single-registration reforms take effect, followed by July 2030, when mandatory e-invoicing and the new cross-border reporting regime become the norm. Businesses that treat 2030 as distant are, tax advisers warn, misjudging the lead time.
The prize is a VAT gap that has cost member states tens of billions in lost revenue annually, much of it to fraud schemes that exploit the seams between national systems. Real-time reporting closes those seams. The cost falls first on businesses, which must invest in compliant software and reporting connections, and disproportionately on smaller firms with neither the in-house tax teams nor the budgets of their larger rivals.
There is also a quieter debate about data. Feeding transaction-level information to tax authorities in close to real time hands governments an unprecedented view of commercial activity, and privacy advocates have asked how that data will be stored, shared and safeguarded. The Commission frames the trade-off as worthwhile, arguing that the alternative, a system fraudsters can game, serves no one honest. Italy’s experience suggests the model works. The 2026 work programme is the bloc’s bet that what worked in one member state can be made to work across all of them.




