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Kyiv and Chisinau Advance as the EU Accession Talks Gather Pace

Brussels: European Union member states agreed on 12 June 2026 to open the first cluster of accession talks with Ukraine and Moldova, launching the most consequential stage of enlargement in more than a decade. Three days later the two candidates each held their first Intergovernmental Conference and formally opened the Fundamentals cluster.

That cluster is deliberately the first to open and the last to close. It covers the rule of law, fundamental rights, the functioning of democratic institutions, public administration reform and the economic criteria a candidate must satisfy before it can join the single market.

European Council President Antonio Costa and Commission President Ursula von der Leyen framed the moment as strategic rather than merely procedural. Enlargement, they argued, remains the bloc’s best investment in a future of peace, security and prosperity, and both leaders pressed Kyiv and Chisinau to keep reforming even as Russia’s war grinds on.

A political obstacle fell away first. Hungary’s new government, which took office in May 2026, dropped the veto that Viktor Orban had used to freeze the process, clearing the path for ministers to act. On 3 July officials lifted Hungary’s remaining scrutiny reserve at technical level, though only for Cluster 6 on external relations.

Crucially, the two files are now decoupled. Ukraine and Moldova each advance on their own merits, and the pace of future accession talks depends solely on how far each government meets the opening benchmarks rather than on the slower partner setting the timetable.

Moldova has used its smaller administration to move quickly, while Ukraine must run reforms in the middle of a full-scale invasion, an unprecedented test for any candidate. The Commission has signalled that a second cluster could open later in 2026 if benchmarks are met, giving negotiators a realistic near-term target.

The Council set out the detail in its statement on the opening of the first cluster, and the Commission has published its own account through its enlargement service.

For all the momentum, the road remains long. Accession talks routinely take years, each of the six clusters must open and close by unanimity, and every member state retains a veto at multiple points. Enlargement fatigue in several capitals, plus unresolved questions over farm spending and the EU budget, could still slow the timetable.

Even so, the June breakthrough changed the political weather. After years in which the promise of membership looked abstract, Ukraine and Moldova now sit inside a formal, benchmark-driven process, and Brussels has tied its own credibility to seeing it through.